Chies|Gawaarida gawaarida gawaarida, way ka duwanaan kartaa mala awaalkaaga

Shan qaybood oo ay ka mid yihiin Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Macluumaadka Tiknolojiyadda Shiinaha ayaa soo saaray ogeysiis: Laga soo bilaabo, 2023, Shiinaha, iyo iibinta gawaarida aan ka soo bixin marxaladda 6b ee Heerka Excize ee Qaranka {{4}

 

Heerka 6B ee Heerka Faahfaahinta

 

Marxaladda lixaad ee ah heerka muwaaddiniinta qaranka waa in la hirgaliyo "sharciga badbaadada deegaanka ee Jamhuuriyadda dadka ee Shiinaha" iyo xakameynta wasakhda shidaalka ee shidaalka iyo gaaska shidaalka, oo ay hubiyaan jawiga deegaanka, oo ay hubiyaan heerarka caafimaadka aadanaha .

Bishii Meey 26, 2021, Wasaaradda Ecology iyo Deegaanka Shiinaha ayaa soo saaray Waraaq Wareeg ah oo laga bilaabayo heerarka ka soo dhacaya ee qaranka, oo lagu calaamadeeyay in wada-noolaanshaha ay la yeeshaan waddamada horumariska ah ee Shiinaha ay ku wajaheen wadamada horumaray ee Yurub iyo Mareykanka {{3}

6b waa marxaladda labaad ee Heerka Exciption VI ee Qaranka {{1} marxaladda 6-aad ee loo yaqaan '6b} Heerka Excion-ka ee Qaranka oo qeexaya in gawaarida kaarboon men-ka ah ay ka badnaan karaan 500 mg kilo mitirkiiba; Qiimaha aan caadiga ahayn ee gawaarida gaaska gawaarida kama badnaan karaan 35 mg kiiloomitirkiiba; Ologyada nitrogen-ka ee korakaas ah oo ah kiiloomitirkii uu baabuurku waday kama badnaan doono 35 milligram .

 

Tan iyo kacaanka warshadaha, wasakhowga hawada dabiiciga ah waxay ku fidaysaa dabka gubashada iyo kaymaha kaynta ee bulshada ee loo yaqaan 'Exprics' ee ay dardar gelinayaan ee ka dambaysa tirada dadka wasakhaysan ee sida nitrogen oxides ay ka dhasheen dhaawacyo weyn. Caafimaadka aadanaha iyo deegaanka . si loo yareeyo saamaynta qiiqa qiiqa baabuurka ee deegaanka, dalal badan ayaa dejiyay heerar ka soo bixitaan ah {{3}

 

Heerarka ugu horreeya ee gawaarida gawaarida gawaarida ayaa dib loogu heli karaa Mareykanka 1960-meeyadii {{1} waqtigaas, injineerka ka dib markii uu barafoobay, waxaa la ogaaday in ay sababtay in sidaas aawadeed, 1966, Ty {}} dowlada Wuxuu bilaabay inuu hirgeliyo heerka excifile ee ugu horreeya ee gawaarida, oo loo yaqaan "gudoomiyaha hawada ee California ee ka takhalusidda '', kaas oo ujeeddadiisu tahay in si ka dambeeyay, oo sanadkii 1970 ay ka gudbeen heerarka ciribtirka gawaarida ee la aasaasay, kuwaas oo la aasaasay heerarkan qaranka {{9}

 

Hirgelinta heerarka ka dhaca gawaarida ee Yurub waxay ka dambeeyeen Mareykanka dabayaaqadii 1970-meeyadii, shirkadaha isdabajoogga ee Yurub oo ay ku kacday Sulsal Dioxide iyo nitrogeceel Dioxide-ka ayaa ah ka hor intaanay ka hor inta taasi ka hor, shidaalka iyo diinta dhisitaanka Gawaarida kaliya maahan baaruud, laakiin waxay sidoo kale hogaaminayaan {{{{{{{{}, Europe-ka ayaa loo cusboonaysiiyay heerarkii ugu horreeyay ee gawaarida ah ee kacsan " Gawaarida naaftada ah ma dhaafi karaan 80mg / km, iyo arrinta arrinta gawaarida gaaska ah kama badnaan doonaan 4 {14} 5mg 5mg 5m {} {}} isbarbardhiga heerarka Shiinaha, sida xakamaynta arrinta Shiinaha (sida xakamaynta arrinta loo yaqaan 'EU' (sida 'EUX' iyo NOX) oo ka badan Heerka VI ee Shiinaha.

 

Heerarka EXIMIRE ee gawaarida Shiinaha ayaa ka soo baxay 1999, markii la soo bandhigay heerkan ECE R83 ee ECE R83 ah ayaa la dejiyay oo loo hagaajiyaa {{2}, kaas oo loo yaqaan "GB} xadidaadda gawaarida ee wasakhaysan ee wadooyinka ay xadidan yihiin iyo qaababka cabirka Heerka {{5 {5 {5 {5 {5- {5} Shuruucda gawaarida Shiinaha ayaa si isdaba joog ah loo cusbooneysiiyay oo la wanaajiyey heerarka qaranka {{7} ee loo baahan yahay gawaarida qaranka {{7} ee loo yaqaan 'States-ka' The The Standard VI States ', oo laga yaabo in gawaarida loo yaqaan' Gasoling ', oo ka hooseeya kan qaranka V, iyo xadka xadka gawaarida naaftada ah waa 67% ka hooseeya kan qaranka V {{10} isla waqtigaas, Shiinaha Vi ayaa sidoo kale soo bandhigaya shuruudo adag oo loogu talagalay wasakhda sida arxan-darrada ah sida arin muhiim ah iyo Nox {{11 ~ {11 ~

 

Marka la barbar dhigo EU iyo Shiinaha, heerarka ka soo baxa ee Mareykanka iyo Japan waxyar ayaa ka jilicsan dhinacyo qaar (sida xakamaynta arrinta loo kala saaro iyo NOX), laakiin weli waa adag tahay {}}

 

Tuubada wasakhda ah ee gawaarida waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah gawaarida . mabda 'shaqadeeda shaqadiisa ayaa ah in laga saaro gaaska gawaarida gawaarida gawaarida gawaarida, si wax ku ool ah waxtarka baabuurta ay aad u muhiim ah tahay, waxay si wax ku ool ah u dhigi kartaa daadadka gawaarida .

 

Hannaanka wax soo saarista ee tuubooyinka wasakhda gawaarida, CBies wuxuu isticmaalay qalab tayo sare leh si loo soo saaro tuubooyinka wasakhda gawaarida iyadoo loo eegayo baahiyaha macaamiisha, oo lagu hubinayo in wax soo saar kasta uu leeyahay tayo sare oo tayo leh {{1} {{1}

Ka dib sannado cilmi baaris iyo horumarineed kadib, tuubooyinka qashinka ee gawaarida ee CBIES waxay leeyihiin astaamo heer sare ah sida adag, iska caabbinta heerkulka, kuwaas oo ku farxi kara sumcad sare oo suuqa caalamiga ah . erayga .

Habka wax soo saarka wax soo saarka tuubada ee CBIes

U hogaansanaanta shirkad shirkadeed ee "maareynta sharafta, tayada koowaad", CBIES waxaa ka go'an inay siiyaan alaabo tayo-sare oo tayo sare leh, si loo hubiyo in ay hubiyaan haweenka wasakhda gawaarida, si loo hubiyo waxqabadka tuubooyinka gawaarida gawaarida si ay u gaaraan gobolka ugu wanaagsan {{2.